What is CPU and how does it work ?

CPU is an important part of the computer because without it the computer cannot do any work. The full name of CPU is Central Processing Unit. It is also called processor or microprocessor. It controls the various devices connected to the PC in the computer. It analyzes the information received by the computer. A computer cannot do any work without CPU, the full form of CPU is Central Processing Unit. It is also called processor or microprocessor. It is a primary component of a computer and is often referred to as the “brain of the computer”. Its main function is to process the instructions given to the computer. That is, the tasks and processes performed on the computer are done by the CPU in some form or the other.
In technical parlance, the CPU is the computer’s hardware, which controls all arithmetic, logical and input/output operations. CPU is a very important part of the computer. It is also called the brain of the computer. This is because it contains the news of all the activities happening inside the computer, that is, it controls all these things. It can process trillions of calculations at a time. It understands the interaction between software and hardware and processes it and gives output, it happens in almost all devices like mobiles, tablets, personal computers, laptops. It looks like a square-shaped device, with several metal, small and round connectors protruding from the bottom. It is connected to the socket of the CPU itself. After a long time, it gets a little hot, so a heat sink and fan are installed on it to take the heat away. This is a very delicate thing, due to which it is fitted with great care in the motherboard.

How does CPU work ?

You need to know what the CPU does. Although we already know that the work that the CPU does is very important, but now we will know how this CPU works. Since the origin of the CPU, many such improvements have been made in it over the years.

Despite so many improvements, the basic function of the CPU is still the same. Its basic functions are fetch, decode, and execute. Let us know about them in detail.

Fetch

As the word suggests, instruction is received in it. In this instruction means the series of numbers which are passed from RAM to CPU. Each instruction is a small part of an operation, so the CPU must know which instruction is coming next. The current instruction address is kept by the program counter (PC).

Then the PC and instructions are placed in the Instruction Register (IR). After that the PC length is increased so that it can be referenced on the next instruction’s address.

Decode

Once the instruction is received and stored in the IR, the CPU passes that instruction to a circuit called the instruction decoder. It then converts that instruction into signals which are then passed on for further action by parts of other CPU.

Execute

This is the final stage, in which the decoded instructions are sent to complete the respective parts of the CPU. Then the results are often written to a CPU register, where they can be referred to by instructions later. Here you can think of them as the memory function of your calculator.

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What are the types of CPU ?

There are many types of CPUs in a computer, the analysis of which is explained in detail below –

Single Core CPU – The CPU in which a processor is installed is called a single core CPU.
Dual Core CPU – The CPU in which two processors are installed is called Dual Core CPU.
Quad Core CPU – When four processors are installed in the CPU, it is called Quad Core CPU.
Hexa Core CPU– A CPU consists of 6 processors, it is called Hexa Core CPU.
Octa Core CPU – Any CPU which has eight processors is called Octa Core CPU.
Deca Core CPU – When 10 processors are installed in the CPU, it is called as Deca Core CPU.

What is a Single Core Processor ?
A processor chip with only 1 core inside is called a single core processor, the oldest type of single core CPU available and employed in most personal and official computers. Single-core CPU can execute only one command at a time, it is not efficient in multi-tasking. It works very slowly and slowly.

What is Dual Core Processor ?
The processor chip which has 2 cores inside it is called Dual Core, Dual core processors are those which have two cores. Meaning it includes tasks like double CPUs working like one. They are able to manage multitasking tasks effectively.

What is Quad Core Processor ?
The processor chip which has 4 cores inside it is called quad core, it is a very sophisticated model made with four core features. This processor is great for gamers, youtubers, bloggers, etc. Because their work is multitasking and many operations have to be done simultaneously.

What is Hexa Core Processor ?
The processor chip which has 6 cores inside it is called hexa core, such processor is called hexa core processor. This is another multiple core processor available with six cores. Hexa-core processors can perform multitasking tasks faster than quad-core and dual-core processors.

What is Octo Core Processor ?

Processor chip which has 8 cores inside it is called Octa Core, Octa core processor is in eight cores which has the ability to effectively handle multitasking tasks many times faster than the four courses Single, Dual, Quad and Hexa.

What is Deca Core Processor ?
The processor chip which has 10 cores inside it is called Deca Core, it has ten cores. It is faster than other processors and is effective in multi-tasking tasks. Deca-core processor with its advanced features is currently in trend. Most of the smartphones now come with low cost deca core processors and they never get old.

Note : Intel and AMD processors are more prevalent in the market at present.

When and who invented CPU ?

CPU was invented by Federico Fagin, Masatoshi Shima, Marcian Edward Hoff in the year 1970. Processor also known as microprocessor When the processor was first invented in 1970, it was used in calculators to calculate binary and decibels, then it was used. in automation devices and printers. If seen, the credit of the processor first goes to the Intel 4004 processor because it was invented in 1969 and Intel completely launched this processor in 1971. The Intel 4004 microprocessor was designed in such a way that the CPU, memory, and input and output controls were housed in a single chip. Gradually, with the passage of time, new inventions took place, due to which there was a lot of change in the design of the computer. Their working capacity increased and their size decreased. In today’s world, Intel is the king of the processor world. They make every good quality processor according to the need of the people.

Q 1. What is the full form of CPU ?

Answer – CPU (Central Processing Unit)

Q 2. How many types of CPU are there ?

Answer – There are many types of CPUs in a computer, whose analysis is explained in detail below –

Single Core CPU – The CPU in which a processor is installed is called a single core CPU.
Dual Core CPU – The CPU in which two processors are installed is called Dual Core CPU.
Quad Core CPU – When four processors are installed in the CPU, it is called Quad Core CPU.
Hexa Core CPU- A CPU consists of 6 processors, it is called Hexa Core CPU.
Octa Core CPU – Any CPU which has eight processors is called Octa Core CPU.
Deca Core CPU – When 10 processors are installed in the CPU, it is called as Deca Core CPU.